EPSG:1123

Geographic3D to GravityRelatedHeight (gtg)

Attributes

Data source: EPSG

Information source: EPSG guidance note #7-2, http://www.epsg.org and PROJ, https://proj.org/en/9.3/specifications/geodetictiffgrids.html

Revision date: 2023-11-30

Remarks: Transformation of the vertical component of a Geographic 3D CRS to a Vertical CRS. Grid file format: GeoTIFF. Algorithmically equivalent to the GTX format.

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Formula

This transformation involves the application of a height difference interpolated from a height correction model. The model provides height difference values at the nodes on a regular grid of latitude and longitude intersection points. The geodetic latitude and longitude used to interpolate within the grid are not affected by this transformation.

The grid is referenced to a specific geographic CRS (the horizontal component of the source CRS) and interpolation must be made in the latitude and longitude of this system.

Calculation of the height difference is achieved through a bi-linear interpolation of the grid, using the latitude and longitude of the point. This step provides the height correction (C) of the target datum above the ellipsoid of the source Geographic 3D CRS. C differs from the geoid-ellipsoid separation N because a vertical datum is a realisation of the geoid surface, not the geoid itself.

Then:
           H = h - C

where h = the height above the ellipsoid in the source geographic 3D CRS
and   H = the gravity-related height in the target vertical CRS.

The method is not reversible because the gravity-related height is 1-dimensional and not associated with a horizontal CRS.

Example

For coordinate transformation: NZGD2000 to NZVD2016 height(2), code 9326:

For a point at 36°54'01"S, 174°46'46"E (36.9003°S, 174.7794°E), with NZGD2009 ellipsoidal height of 50.000 metres, to find its NZVD2009 height:

First using source CRS NZGD2000, code 4167, for interpolation, obtain the offsets at each of the surrounding grid nodes:
NW corner 36.9000°S, 174.7667°E, geoid height = 34.267m
NE corner 36.9000°S, 174.7833°E, geoid height = 34.293m
SE corner 36.9167°S, 174.7833°E, geoid height = 34.205m
SW corner 36.9167°S, 174.7667°E, geoid height = 34.185m

Then using bi-linear interpolation for 36.9003°S, 174.7794°E, geoid height = 34.285m

Then NZVD2016 height = 50.000 - (34.285) = 15.715m.
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