EPSG:12191

ITRF2020 to ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] (2)

Attributes

Geodetic CRS: ITRF2020

Datum: International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020

Ellipsoid: GRS 1980

Prime meridian: Greenwich

Data source: EPSG

Information source: IOGP

Revision date: 2026-07-21

Steps of transformation: 10586 11817

Scope: Spatial referencing.

Remarks: Accuracy is approximately 2cm at the ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] anchor epoch of 2007.5, but deteriorates with time due to tectonic deformation and/or volcanic eruption. Velocities in southern Greece exceed 3 cm/year relative to ETRS89, with co-seismic displacements of several cm and up to 40cm.

Area of use: Greece - onshore and offshore. Includes Aegean Islands, Ionian Islands, Dodecanese Islands, Crete, and Mount Athos.

Description: (0,)

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Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)

CONCATENATEDOPERATION["ITRF2020 to ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] (2)",
    VERSION["IOGP-Grc 2007"],
    SOURCECRS[
        GEODCRS["ITRF2020",
            DYNAMIC[
                FRAMEEPOCH[2015]],
            DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020",
                ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[Cartesian,3],
                AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                    ORDER[1],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                    ORDER[2],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                    ORDER[3],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
            ID["EPSG",9988]]],
    TARGETCRS[
        GEODCRS["ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07]",
            DATUM["Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007",
                ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                ANCHOREPOCH[2007.5]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[Cartesian,3],
                AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                    ORDER[1],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                    ORDER[2],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                    ORDER[3],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
            ID["EPSG",11091]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["ITRF2020 to ETRF2000 (1)",
            VERSION["EUREF-Eur 2024"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEODCRS["ITRF2020",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[2015]],
                    DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",9988]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEODCRS["ETRF2000",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[1989]],
                    DATUM["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",7930]]],
            METHOD["Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                ID["EPSG",1053]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",53.8,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",51.8,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",-82.2,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",2.106,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8608]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",12.74,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8609]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",-20.592,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8610]],
            PARAMETER["Scale difference",2.25,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per billion",1E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8611]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis translation",0.1,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1040]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1041]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis translation",-1.7,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1042]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis rotation",0.081,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1043]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",0.49,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1044]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",-0.792,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1045]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Scale difference",0.11,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per billion per year",3.16887651727315E-17],
                ID["EPSG",1046]],
            PARAMETER["Parameter reference epoch",2015,
                TIMEUNIT["year",31556925.445],
                ID["EPSG",1047]],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.01],
            ID["EPSG",10586]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["Inverse of ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] to ETRF2000 (2) (approx. inversion)",
            SOURCECRS[
                GEODCRS["ETRF2000",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[1989]],
                    DATUM["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",7930]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEODCRS["ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07]",
                    DATUM["Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        ANCHOREPOCH[2007.5]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",11091]]],
            METHOD["Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                ID["EPSG",1053]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",0.3299,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",-0.3412,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",-0.1822,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",-0.000891,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8608]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",-0.00539,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8609]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",0.008712,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8610]],
            PARAMETER["Scale difference",-0.0004,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per million",1E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8611]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis translation",0.0002,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1040]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis translation",-0.0001,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1041]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis translation",0.0018,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1042]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis rotation",-8.1E-05,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1043]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",-0.00049,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1044]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",0.000792,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1045]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Scale difference",-8E-05,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per million per year",3.16887651727315E-14],
                ID["EPSG",1046]],
            PARAMETER["Parameter reference epoch",2000,
                TIMEUNIT["year",31556925.445],
                ID["EPSG",1047]],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.8],
            ID["INVERSE(EPSG)",11817]]],
    OPERATIONACCURACY[0.8],
    USAGE[
        SCOPE["Spatial referencing."],
        AREA["Greece - onshore and offshore. Includes Aegean Islands, Ionian Islands, Dodecanese Islands, Crete, and Mount Athos."],
        BBOX[33.26,18.26,41.75,30.11]],
    ID["EPSG",12191],
    REMARK["Accuracy is approximately 2cm at the ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] anchor epoch of 2007.5, but deteriorates with time due to tectonic deformation and/or volcanic eruption. Velocities in southern Greece exceed 3 cm/year relative to ETRS89, with co-seismic displacements of several cm and up to 40cm."]]

Definition: PROJ.4

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Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)

proj4.defs("EPSG:12191","+proj=pipeline +step +proj=helmert +x=0.0538 +y=0.0518 +z=-0.0822 +rx=0.002106 +ry=0.01274 +rz=-0.020592 +s=0.00225 +dx=0.0001 +dy=0 +dz=-0.0017 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=0.00011 +t_epoch=2015 +convention=position_vector +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=-0.3299 +y=0.3412 +z=0.1822 +rx=0.000891 +ry=0.00539 +rz=-0.008712 +s=0.0004 +dx=-0.0002 +dy=0.0001 +dz=-0.0018 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=8e-05 +t_epoch=2000 +convention=position_vector");

Definition: JSON

{
    "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json",
    "type": "ConcatenatedOperation",
    "name": "ITRF2020 to ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] (2)",
    "source_crs": {
        "type": "GeodeticCRS",
        "name": "ITRF2020",
        "datum": {
            "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020",
            "frame_reference_epoch": 2015,
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "GRS 1980",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "Cartesian",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric X",
                    "abbreviation": "X",
                    "direction": "geocentricX",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Y",
                    "abbreviation": "Y",
                    "direction": "geocentricY",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Z",
                    "abbreviation": "Z",
                    "direction": "geocentricZ",
                    "unit": "metre"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 9988
        },
        "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2014 (CRS code 7789). Updated through ITRF2020-u2023 from December 2024 and through ITRF2020-u2024 from October 2025. Users referencing updates should include this information in their metadata."
    },
    "target_crs": {
        "type": "GeodeticCRS",
        "name": "ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07]",
        "datum": {
            "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007",
            "anchor_epoch": 2007.5,
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "GRS 1980",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "Cartesian",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric X",
                    "abbreviation": "X",
                    "direction": "geocentricX",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Y",
                    "abbreviation": "Y",
                    "direction": "geocentricY",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Z",
                    "abbreviation": "Z",
                    "direction": "geocentricZ",
                    "unit": "metre"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 11091
        },
        "remarks": "National realization of ETRS89 in Greece."
    },
    "steps": [
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "ITRF2020 to ETRF2000 (1)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ITRF2020",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 2015,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9988
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2014 (CRS code 7789). Updated through ITRF2020-u2023 from December 2024 and through ITRF2020-u2024 from October 2025. Users referencing updates should include this information in their metadata."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ETRF2000",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 1989,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 7930
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ETRF97 (code 7928). On the publication of ETRF2005 the EUREF Technical Working Group recommended ETRF2000 be the realization of ETRS89. ETRF2014 and ETRF2020 (codes 8401 and 10569) are technically superior to all earlier realizations of ETRS89."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 1053
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": 53.8,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 51.8,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -82.2,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 2.106,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 12.74,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8609
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -20.592,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8610
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale difference",
                    "value": 2.25,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion",
                        "conversion_factor": 1e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8611
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.1,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1040
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1041
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -1.7,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1042
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.081,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1043
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.49,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1044
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -0.792,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1045
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Scale difference",
                    "value": 0.11,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-17
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1046
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Parameter reference epoch",
                    "value": 2015,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "TimeUnit",
                        "name": "year",
                        "conversion_factor": 31556925.445
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1047
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.01",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 10586
            },
            "remarks": "Scale difference in ppb and scale difference rate in ppb/yr where 1/billion = 1E-9 or nm/m. Equivalent to ITRF2020 to ITRF2000 (1) (CT code 9994) converted to epoch 2015.0 concatenated with ITRF2000 to ETRF2000 (1) (CT code 7941) converted to epoch 2015.0."
        },
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "Inverse of ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] to ETRF2000 (2)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ETRF2000",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 1989,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 7930
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ETRF97 (code 7928). On the publication of ETRF2005 the EUREF Technical Working Group recommended ETRF2000 be the realization of ETRS89. ETRF2014 and ETRF2020 (codes 8401 and 10569) are technically superior to all earlier realizations of ETRS89."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07]",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007",
                    "anchor_epoch": 2007.5,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 11091
                },
                "remarks": "National realization of ETRS89 in Greece."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Inverse of Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "INVERSE(EPSG)",
                    "code": 1053
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": -329.9,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 341.2,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": 182.2,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.891,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 5.39,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8609
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -8.712,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8610
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale difference",
                    "value": 0.4,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion",
                        "conversion_factor": 1e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8611
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis translation",
                    "value": -0.2,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1040
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.1,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1041
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -1.8,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1042
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.081,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1043
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.49,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1044
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -0.792,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1045
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Scale difference",
                    "value": 0.08,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-17
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1046
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Parameter reference epoch",
                    "value": 2000,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "TimeUnit",
                        "name": "year",
                        "conversion_factor": 31556925.445
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1047
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.8",
            "id": {
                "authority": "INVERSE(EPSG)",
                "code": 11817
            },
            "remarks": "Derived through concatenation of HTRS07 relationship to ITRF2005 determined in 2007 at EPN station AUT1 in Thessoloniki (tX=-0.384m, tY=0.291m, tZ=0.236m, CT code 11818) with EUREF transformation ITRF2005 to ETRF2000 (CT code 7950). Scale difference in ppb and scale difference rate in ppb/yr where 1/billion = 1E-9 or nm/m. Accuracy is exact by definition at the ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] anchor epoch of 2007.5, but deteriorates with time due to tectonic deformation and/or volcanic eruption. In southern Greece, velocities relative to ETRS89 exceed 3 cm/year, with co-seismic displacements of several cm and up to 40cm."
        }
    ],
    "accuracy": "0.8",
    "scope": "Spatial referencing.",
    "area": "Greece - onshore and offshore. Includes Aegean Islands, Ionian Islands, Dodecanese Islands, Crete, and Mount Athos.",
    "bbox": {
        "south_latitude": 33.26,
        "west_longitude": 18.26,
        "north_latitude": 41.75,
        "east_longitude": 30.11
    },
    "id": {
        "authority": "EPSG",
        "code": 12191
    },
    "remarks": "Accuracy is approximately 2cm at the ETRS89-GRC [HTRS07] anchor epoch of 2007.5, but deteriorates with time due to tectonic deformation and/or volcanic eruption. Velocities in southern Greece exceed 3 cm/year relative to ETRS89, with co-seismic displacements of several cm and up to 40cm."
}

Definition: MapServer - MAPfile

PROJECTION
	"proj=pipeline"
	"step"
	"proj=helmert"
	"x=0.0538"
	"y=0.0518"
	"z=-0.0822"
	"rx=0.002106"
	"ry=0.01274"
	"rz=-0.020592"
	"s=0.00225"
	"dx=0.0001"
	"dy=0"
	"dz=-0.0017"
	"drx=8.1e-05"
	"dry=0.00049"
	"drz=-0.000792"
	"ds=0.00011"
	"t_epoch=2015"
	"convention=position_vector"
	"step"
	"inv"
	"proj=helmert"
	"x=-0.3299"
	"y=0.3412"
	"z=0.1822"
	"rx=0.000891"
	"ry=0.00539"
	"rz=-0.008712"
	"s=0.0004"
	"dx=-0.0002"
	"dy=0.0001"
	"dz=-0.0018"
	"drx=8.1e-05"
	"dry=0.00049"
	"drz=-0.000792"
	"ds=8e-05"
	"t_epoch=2000"
	"convention=position_vector"
END

Definition: Mapnik

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Map srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=helmert +x=0.0538 +y=0.0518 +z=-0.0822 +rx=0.002106 +ry=0.01274 +rz=-0.020592 +s=0.00225 +dx=0.0001 +dy=0 +dz=-0.0017 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=0.00011 +t_epoch=2015 +convention=position_vector +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=-0.3299 +y=0.3412 +z=0.1822 +rx=0.000891 +ry=0.00539 +rz=-0.008712 +s=0.0004 +dx=-0.0002 +dy=0.0001 +dz=-0.0018 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=8e-05 +t_epoch=2000 +convention=position_vector">
	<Layer srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=helmert +x=0.0538 +y=0.0518 +z=-0.0822 +rx=0.002106 +ry=0.01274 +rz=-0.020592 +s=0.00225 +dx=0.0001 +dy=0 +dz=-0.0017 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=0.00011 +t_epoch=2015 +convention=position_vector +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=-0.3299 +y=0.3412 +z=0.1822 +rx=0.000891 +ry=0.00539 +rz=-0.008712 +s=0.0004 +dx=-0.0002 +dy=0.0001 +dz=-0.0018 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=8e-05 +t_epoch=2000 +convention=position_vector">
	</Layer>
</Map>

Definition: SQL (PostGIS)

INSERT into spatial_ref_sys (srid, auth_name, auth_srid, proj4text, srtext) values ( 12191, 'EPSG', 12191, '+proj=pipeline +step +proj=helmert +x=0.0538 +y=0.0518 +z=-0.0822 +rx=0.002106 +ry=0.01274 +rz=-0.020592 +s=0.00225 +dx=0.0001 +dy=0 +dz=-0.0017 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=0.00011 +t_epoch=2015 +convention=position_vector +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=-0.3299 +y=0.3412 +z=0.1822 +rx=0.000891 +ry=0.00539 +rz=-0.008712 +s=0.0004 +dx=-0.0002 +dy=0.0001 +dz=-0.0018 +drx=8.1e-05 +dry=0.00049 +drz=-0.000792 +ds=8e-05 +t_epoch=2000 +convention=position_vector', 'None');