EPSG:2028

NAD27(76) / UTM zone 16N

Available transformations
to EPSG:4269

Selected transformation

Method: NTv2

Grid Files: May76v20.gsb

Remarks: Uses NT method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRSs NAD27(76) (code 4608) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east. May be taken as approximate transformation NAD27(76) to WGS 84 - see code 1690.

Information source: Geodetic Survey of Canada http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/

Revision date: 2019-09-17

Attributes

Unit: metre

Geodetic CRS: NAD27(76)

Datum: North American Datum 1927 (1976)

Ellipsoid: Clarke 1866

Prime meridian: Greenwich

Data source: EPSG

Revision date: 2000-03-07

Scope: Engineering survey, topographic mapping.

Remarks: Replaces NAD27 / UTM zone 16N (code 26716).

Area of use: Canada - Ontario - between 90°W and 84°W.

Coordinate system: Cartesian 2D CS. Axes: easting, northing (E,N). Orientations: east, north. UoM: m.

Center coordinates
663261.55 5461335.35

Projected bounds:
-117782.82 5260463.2
3656.66 6335713.5

WGS84 bounds:
-95.16 41.67
-74.35 56.9

Canada - Ontario.
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Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)

BOUNDCRS[
    SOURCECRS[
        PROJCRS["NAD27(76) / UTM zone 16N",
            BASEGEOGCRS["NAD27(76)",
                DATUM["North American Datum 1927 (1976)",
                    ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898,
                        LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                ID["EPSG",4608]],
            CONVERSION["UTM zone 16N",
                METHOD["Transverse Mercator",
                    ID["EPSG",9807]],
                PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",0,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],
                    ID["EPSG",8801]],
                PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",-87,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],
                    ID["EPSG",8802]],
                PARAMETER["Scale factor at natural origin",0.9996,
                    SCALEUNIT["unity",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8805]],
                PARAMETER["False easting",500000,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8806]],
                PARAMETER["False northing",0,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8807]]],
            CS[Cartesian,2],
                AXIS["(E)",east,
                    ORDER[1],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(N)",north,
                    ORDER[2],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
            USAGE[
                SCOPE["Engineering survey, topographic mapping."],
                AREA["Canada - Ontario - between 90°W and 84°W."],
                BBOX[46.11,-90,56.9,-84]],
            ID["EPSG",2028]]],
    TARGETCRS[
        GEOGCRS["NAD83",
            DATUM["North American Datum 1983",
                ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            USAGE[
                SCOPE["Geodesy."],
                AREA["North America - onshore and offshore: Canada - Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland and Labrador; Northwest Territories; Nova Scotia; Nunavut; Ontario; Prince Edward Island; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Yukon. Puerto Rico. United States (USA) - Alabama; Alaska; Arizona; Arkansas; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Delaware; Florida; Georgia; Hawaii; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New Mexico; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Carolina; South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Utah; Vermont; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming. US Virgin Islands. British Virgin Islands."],
                BBOX[14.92,167.65,86.45,-40.73]],
            ID["EPSG",4269]]],
    ABRIDGEDTRANSFORMATION["NAD27(76) to NAD83 (1)",
        METHOD["NTv2",
            ID["EPSG",9615]],
        PARAMETERFILE["Latitude and longitude difference file","May76v20.gsb"],
        USAGE[
            SCOPE["Not known."],
            AREA["Canada - Ontario."],
            BBOX[41.67,-95.16,56.9,-74.35]],
        ID["EPSG",1463],
        REMARK["Uses NT method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRSs NAD27(76) (code 4608) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east. May be taken as approximate transformation NAD27(76) to WGS 84 - see code 1690."]]]

Definition: PROJ.4

+proj=utm +zone=16 +ellps=clrk66 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs

Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)

proj4.defs("EPSG:2028","+proj=utm +zone=16 +ellps=clrk66 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs");

Definition: JSON

{
    "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json",
    "type": "BoundCRS",
    "source_crs": {
        "type": "ProjectedCRS",
        "name": "NAD27(76) / UTM zone 16N",
        "base_crs": {
            "name": "NAD27(76)",
            "datum": {
                "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                "name": "North American Datum 1927 (1976)",
                "ellipsoid": {
                    "name": "Clarke 1866",
                    "semi_major_axis": 6378206.4,
                    "semi_minor_axis": 6356583.8
                }
            },
            "coordinate_system": {
                "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                "axis": [
                    {
                        "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                        "abbreviation": "Lat",
                        "direction": "north",
                        "unit": "degree"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                        "abbreviation": "Lon",
                        "direction": "east",
                        "unit": "degree"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 4608
            }
        },
        "conversion": {
            "name": "UTM zone 16N",
            "method": {
                "name": "Transverse Mercator",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9807
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "Latitude of natural origin",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "degree",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8801
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Longitude of natural origin",
                    "value": -87,
                    "unit": "degree",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8802
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale factor at natural origin",
                    "value": 0.9996,
                    "unit": "unity",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8805
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "False easting",
                    "value": 500000,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8806
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "False northing",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8807
                    }
                }
            ]
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "Cartesian",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Easting",
                    "abbreviation": "E",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Northing",
                    "abbreviation": "N",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "metre"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 2028
        }
    },
    "target_crs": {
        "type": "GeographicCRS",
        "name": "NAD83",
        "datum": {
            "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "North American Datum 1983",
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "GRS 1980",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lat",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "degree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lon",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "degree"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 4269
        }
    },
    "transformation": {
        "name": "NAD27(76) to NAD83 (1)",
        "method": {
            "name": "NTv2",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 9615
            }
        },
        "parameters": [
            {
                "name": "Latitude and longitude difference file",
                "value": "May76v20.gsb",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8656
                }
            }
        ],
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 1463
        }
    }
}

Definition: MapServer - MAPfile

PROJECTION
	"proj=utm"
	"zone=16"
	"ellps=clrk66"
	"units=m"
	"no_defs"
	"type=crs"
END

Definition: Mapnik

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Map srs="+proj=utm +zone=16 +ellps=clrk66 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs">
	<Layer srs="+proj=utm +zone=16 +ellps=clrk66 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs">
	</Layer>
</Map>