EPSG:31278 DEPRECATED

MGI / Balkans zone 8

Selected transformation

Method: Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)

Remarks: Parameter values from MGI to WGS 84 (8) (tfm code 1194). Assumes ETRS89 and WGS 84 can be considered the same to within the accuracy of the transformation. Information source gives scale as -2.388739 ppm.

Information source: Amt der Steiermarkischen Landesregierung; GIS-STMK. www.gis.steiermark.at

Revision date: 2020-03-14

Attributes

Unit: metre

Geodetic CRS: MGI

Datum: Militar-Geographische Institut

Ellipsoid: Bessel 1841

Prime meridian: Greenwich

Data source: EPSG

Information source: OGP

Revision date: 2001-06-05

Center coordinates
7036498.06 5251137.93

Projected bounds:
6932171.02 5177561.18
7138658.93 5326330.31

WGS84 bounds:
13.58 46.64
16.17 47.84

Austria - Styria.
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Definition: OGC Well Known Text

PROJCS["MGI / Balkans zone 8",
    GEOGCS["MGI",
        DATUM["Militar-Geographische_Institut",
            SPHEROID["Bessel 1841",6377397.155,299.1528128],
            TOWGS84[601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887]],
        PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
        UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,
            AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],
        AUTHORITY["EPSG","4312"]],
    PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],
    PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0],
    PARAMETER["central_meridian",21],
    PARAMETER["scale_factor",0.9999],
    PARAMETER["false_easting",7500000],
    PARAMETER["false_northing",0],
    UNIT["metre",1,
        AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],
    AUTHORITY["EPSG","31278"]]

Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)

BOUNDCRS[
    SOURCECRS[
        PROJCRS["MGI / Balkans zone 8",
            BASEGEOGCRS["MGI",
                DATUM["Militar-Geographische Institut",
                    ELLIPSOID["Bessel 1841",6377397.155,299.1528128,
                        LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                ID["EPSG",4312]],
            CONVERSION["Balkans zone 7",
                METHOD["Transverse Mercator",
                    ID["EPSG",9807]],
                PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",0,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],
                    ID["EPSG",8801]],
                PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",21,
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],
                    ID["EPSG",8802]],
                PARAMETER["Scale factor at natural origin",0.9999,
                    SCALEUNIT["unity",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8805]],
                PARAMETER["False easting",7500000,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8806]],
                PARAMETER["False northing",0,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                    ID["EPSG",8807]]],
            CS[Cartesian,2],
                AXIS["northing (X)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["easting (Y)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
            USAGE[
                SCOPE["Engineering survey, topographic mapping."],
                AREA["North Macedonia - east of 22°30'E; Serbia - east of 22°30'E."],
                BBOX[41.11,22.5,44.7,23.04]],
            ID["EPSG",31278]]],
    TARGETCRS[
        GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
            ENSEMBLE["World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)"],
                ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                ENSEMBLEACCURACY[2.0]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            USAGE[
                SCOPE["Horizontal component of 3D system."],
                AREA["World."],
                BBOX[-90,-180,90,180]],
            ID["EPSG",4326]]],
    ABRIDGEDTRANSFORMATION["Transformation from unknown to WGS84",
        METHOD["Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)",
            ID["EPSG",9606]],
        PARAMETER["X-axis translation",601.705,
            ID["EPSG",8605]],
        PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",84.263,
            ID["EPSG",8606]],
        PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",485.227,
            ID["EPSG",8607]],
        PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",-4.7354,
            ID["EPSG",8608]],
        PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",-1.3145,
            ID["EPSG",8609]],
        PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",-5.393,
            ID["EPSG",8610]],
        PARAMETER["Scale difference",0.9999976113,
            ID["EPSG",8611]]]]

Definition: ESRI Well Known Text

PROJCS["MGI_Balkans_8",
    GEOGCS["GCS_MGI",
        DATUM["D_MGI",
            SPHEROID["Bessel_1841",6377397.155,299.1528128]],
        PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],
        UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],
    PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],
    PARAMETER["False_Easting",7500000.0],
    PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],
    PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",21.0],
    PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",0.9999],
    PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0.0],
    UNIT["Meter",1.0]]

Definition: PROJ.4

+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=0.9999 +x_0=7500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=bessel +towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs

Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)

proj4.defs("EPSG:31278","+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=0.9999 +x_0=7500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=bessel +towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs");

Definition: JSON

{
    "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json",
    "type": "BoundCRS",
    "source_crs": {
        "type": "ProjectedCRS",
        "name": "MGI / Balkans zone 8",
        "base_crs": {
            "name": "MGI",
            "datum": {
                "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                "name": "Militar-Geographische Institut",
                "ellipsoid": {
                    "name": "Bessel 1841",
                    "semi_major_axis": 6377397.155,
                    "inverse_flattening": 299.1528128
                }
            },
            "coordinate_system": {
                "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                "axis": [
                    {
                        "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                        "abbreviation": "Lat",
                        "direction": "north",
                        "unit": "degree"
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                        "abbreviation": "Lon",
                        "direction": "east",
                        "unit": "degree"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 4312
            }
        },
        "conversion": {
            "name": "Balkans zone 7",
            "method": {
                "name": "Transverse Mercator",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9807
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "Latitude of natural origin",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "degree",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8801
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Longitude of natural origin",
                    "value": 21,
                    "unit": "degree",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8802
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale factor at natural origin",
                    "value": 0.9999,
                    "unit": "unity",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8805
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "False easting",
                    "value": 7500000,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8806
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "False northing",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8807
                    }
                }
            ]
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "Cartesian",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Northing",
                    "abbreviation": "X",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Easting",
                    "abbreviation": "Y",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "metre"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 31278
        }
    },
    "target_crs": {
        "type": "GeographicCRS",
        "name": "WGS 84",
        "datum_ensemble": {
            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
            "members": [
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1166
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1152
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1153
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1154
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1155
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1156
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1309
                    }
                }
            ],
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "WGS 84",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257223563
            },
            "accuracy": "2.0",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 6326
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lat",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "degree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lon",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "degree"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 4326
        }
    },
    "transformation": {
        "name": "Transformation from unknown to WGS84",
        "method": {
            "name": "Position Vector transformation (geog2D domain)",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 9606
            }
        },
        "parameters": [
            {
                "name": "X-axis translation",
                "value": 601.705,
                "unit": "metre",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8605
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Y-axis translation",
                "value": 84.263,
                "unit": "metre",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8606
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Z-axis translation",
                "value": 485.227,
                "unit": "metre",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8607
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "X-axis rotation",
                "value": -4.7354,
                "unit": {
                    "type": "AngularUnit",
                    "name": "arc-second",
                    "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-06
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8608
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                "value": -1.3145,
                "unit": {
                    "type": "AngularUnit",
                    "name": "arc-second",
                    "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-06
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8609
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                "value": -5.393,
                "unit": {
                    "type": "AngularUnit",
                    "name": "arc-second",
                    "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-06
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8610
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "Scale difference",
                "value": -2.3887,
                "unit": {
                    "type": "ScaleUnit",
                    "name": "parts per million",
                    "conversion_factor": 1e-06
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 8611
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

Definition: GeoServer

31278=PROJCS["MGI / Balkans zone 8",GEOGCS["MGI",DATUM["Militar-Geographische_Institut",SPHEROID["Bessel 1841",6377397.155,299.1528128],TOWGS84[601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4312"]],PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0],PARAMETER["central_meridian",21],PARAMETER["scale_factor",0.9999],PARAMETER["false_easting",7500000],PARAMETER["false_northing",0],UNIT["metre",1,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","31278"]]

Definition: MapServer - MAPfile

PROJECTION
	"proj=tmerc"
	"lat_0=0"
	"lon_0=21"
	"k=0.9999"
	"x_0=7500000"
	"y_0=0"
	"ellps=bessel"
	"towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887"
	"units=m"
	"no_defs"
	"type=crs"
END

Definition: Mapnik

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Map srs="+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=0.9999 +x_0=7500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=bessel +towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs">
	<Layer srs="+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=0.9999 +x_0=7500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=bessel +towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs">
	</Layer>
</Map>

Definition: SQL (PostGIS)

INSERT into spatial_ref_sys (srid, auth_name, auth_srid, proj4text, srtext) values ( 31278, 'EPSG', 31278, '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=0.9999 +x_0=7500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=bessel +towgs84=601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887 +units=m +no_defs +type=crs', 'PROJCS["MGI / Balkans zone 8",GEOGCS["MGI",DATUM["Militar-Geographische_Institut",SPHEROID["Bessel 1841",6377397.155,299.1528128],TOWGS84[601.705,84.263,485.227,-4.7354,-1.3145,-5.393,-2.3887]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4312"]],PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",0],PARAMETER["central_meridian",21],PARAMETER["scale_factor",0.9999],PARAMETER["false_easting",7500000],PARAMETER["false_northing",0],UNIT["metre",1,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","31278"]]');