EPSG:8497 DEPRECATED

NAD27 to WGS 84 (29)

Attributes

Geodetic CRS: NAD27

Datum: North American Datum 1927

Ellipsoid: Clarke 1866

Prime meridian: Greenwich

Data source: EPSG

Information source: Both transformations from US National Geodetic Survey.

Revision date: 1999-10-20

Steps of transformation: 1243 1515

Scope: Geodesy.

Area of use: United States (USA) - Alaska including EEZ.

Description: (0,)

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Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)

CONCATENATEDOPERATION["NAD27 to WGS 84 (29)",
    VERSION["NGS-Usa AK"],
    SOURCECRS[
        GEOGCRS["NAD27",
            DATUM["North American Datum 1927",
                ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            ID["EPSG",4267]]],
    TARGETCRS[
        GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
            ENSEMBLE["World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)"],
                MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)"],
                ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                ENSEMBLEACCURACY[2.0]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            ID["EPSG",4326]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (2)",
            VERSION["NGS-Usa AK"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD27",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1927",
                        ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4267]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD83",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1983",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4269]]],
            METHOD["NADCON",
                ID["EPSG",9613]],
            PARAMETERFILE["Latitude difference file","alaska.las"],
            PARAMETERFILE["Longitude difference file","alaska.los"],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.5],
            ID["EPSG",1243],
            REMARK["Uses NADCON method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRS NAD27 (code 4267) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east. May be used as transformation to WGS 84 - see NAD27 to WGS 84 (85) (code 15864)."]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD83 to WGS 84 (5)",
            VERSION["NGS-Usa ITRF96"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD83",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1983",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4269]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
                    ENSEMBLE["World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)"],
                        MEMBER["World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)"],
                        ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        ENSEMBLEACCURACY[2.0]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4326]]],
            METHOD["Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)",
                ID["EPSG",9607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",-0.991,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",1.9072,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",0.5129,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",-1.25033E-07,
                ANGLEUNIT["radian",1],
                ID["EPSG",8608]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",-4.6785E-08,
                ANGLEUNIT["radian",1],
                ID["EPSG",8609]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",-5.6529E-08,
                ANGLEUNIT["radian",1],
                ID["EPSG",8610]],
            PARAMETER["Scale difference",0,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per million",1E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8611]],
            ID["EPSG",1515],
            REMARK["Strictly between NAD83 and ITRF96(1997.0). Supersedes NAD83 to WGS 84 (4) (code 1308)."]]],
    USAGE[
        SCOPE["Geodesy."],
        AREA["United States (USA) - Alaska including EEZ."],
        BBOX[47.88,167.65,74.71,-129.99]],
    ID["EPSG",8497]]

Definition: PROJ.4

+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.991 +y=1.9072 +z=0.5129 +rx=-0.0257899075194932 +ry=-0.0096500989602704 +rz=-0.0116599432323421 +s=0 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1

Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)

proj4.defs("EPSG:8497","+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.991 +y=1.9072 +z=0.5129 +rx=-0.0257899075194932 +ry=-0.0096500989602704 +rz=-0.0116599432323421 +s=0 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1");

Definition: JSON

{
    "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json",
    "type": "ConcatenatedOperation",
    "name": "NAD27 to WGS 84 (29)",
    "source_crs": {
        "type": "GeographicCRS",
        "name": "NAD27",
        "datum": {
            "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "North American Datum 1927",
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "Clarke 1866",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378206.4,
                "semi_minor_axis": 6356583.8
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lat",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "degree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lon",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "degree"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 4267
        }
    },
    "target_crs": {
        "type": "GeographicCRS",
        "name": "WGS 84",
        "datum_ensemble": {
            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
            "members": [
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1166
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1152
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1153
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1154
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1155
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1156
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1309
                    }
                }
            ],
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "WGS 84",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257223563
            },
            "accuracy": "2.0",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 6326
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lat",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "degree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lon",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "degree"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 4326
        }
    },
    "steps": [
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "NAD27 to NAD83 (2)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD27",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1927",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "Clarke 1866",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378206.4,
                        "semi_minor_axis": 6356583.8
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4267
                }
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD83",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1983",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4269
                }
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "NADCON",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9613
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "Latitude difference file",
                    "value": "alaska.las",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8657
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Longitude difference file",
                    "value": "alaska.los",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8658
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.5",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 1243
            },
            "remarks": "Uses NADCON method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRS NAD27 (code 4267) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east. May be used as transformation to WGS 84 - see NAD27 to WGS 84 (85) (code 15864)."
        },
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "NAD83 to WGS 84 (5)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD83",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1983",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4269
                }
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "WGS 84",
                "datum_ensemble": {
                    "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 ensemble",
                    "members": [
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (Transit)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1166
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G730)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1152
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G873)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1153
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1150)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1154
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1674)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1155
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G1762)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1156
                            }
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "World Geodetic System 1984 (G2139)",
                            "id": {
                                "authority": "EPSG",
                                "code": 1309
                            }
                        }
                    ],
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "WGS 84",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257223563
                    },
                    "accuracy": "2.0",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 6326
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4326
                }
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9607
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": -0.991,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 1.9072,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.5129,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "X-axis rotation",
                    "value": -1.25033e-07,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "radian",
                        "conversion_factor": 1
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": -4.6785e-08,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "radian",
                        "conversion_factor": 1
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8609
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -5.6529e-08,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "radian",
                        "conversion_factor": 1
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8610
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale difference",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per million",
                        "conversion_factor": 1e-06
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8611
                    }
                }
            ],
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 1515
            },
            "remarks": "Strictly between NAD83 and ITRF96(1997.0). Supersedes NAD83 to WGS 84 (4) (code 1308)."
        }
    ],
    "scope": "Geodesy.",
    "area": "United States (USA) - Alaska including EEZ.",
    "bbox": {
        "south_latitude": 47.88,
        "west_longitude": 167.65,
        "north_latitude": 74.71,
        "east_longitude": -129.99
    },
    "id": {
        "authority": "EPSG",
        "code": 8497
    }
}

Definition: MapServer - MAPfile

PROJECTION
	"proj=pipeline"
	"step"
	"proj=axisswap"
	"order=2,1"
	"step"
	"proj=unitconvert"
	"xy_in=deg"
	"xy_out=rad"
	"step"
	"proj=hgridshift"
	"grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif"
	"step"
	"proj=push"
	"v_3"
	"step"
	"proj=cart"
	"ellps=GRS80"
	"step"
	"proj=helmert"
	"x=-0.991"
	"y=1.9072"
	"z=0.5129"
	"rx=-0.0257899075194932"
	"ry=-0.0096500989602704"
	"rz=-0.0116599432323421"
	"s=0"
	"convention=coordinate_frame"
	"step"
	"inv"
	"proj=cart"
	"ellps=WGS84"
	"step"
	"proj=pop"
	"v_3"
	"step"
	"proj=unitconvert"
	"xy_in=rad"
	"xy_out=deg"
	"step"
	"proj=axisswap"
	"order=2,1"
END

Definition: Mapnik

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Map srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.991 +y=1.9072 +z=0.5129 +rx=-0.0257899075194932 +ry=-0.0096500989602704 +rz=-0.0116599432323421 +s=0 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1">
	<Layer srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.991 +y=1.9072 +z=0.5129 +rx=-0.0257899075194932 +ry=-0.0096500989602704 +rz=-0.0116599432323421 +s=0 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1">
	</Layer>
</Map>

Definition: SQL (PostGIS)

INSERT into spatial_ref_sys (srid, auth_name, auth_srid, proj4text, srtext) values ( 8497, 'EPSG', 8497, '+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_alaska.tif +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.991 +y=1.9072 +z=0.5129 +rx=-0.0257899075194932 +ry=-0.0096500989602704 +rz=-0.0116599432323421 +s=0 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=WGS84 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1', 'None');