EPSG:9103

NAD27 to ITRF2014 (1)

Attributes

Geodetic CRS: NAD27

Datum: North American Datum 1927

Ellipsoid: Clarke 1866

Prime meridian: Greenwich

Data source: EPSG

Information source: IOGP

Revision date: 2019-06-13

Steps of transformation: 1241 8971 7807 7790

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Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)

CONCATENATEDOPERATION["NAD27 to ITRF2014 (1)",
    VERSION["IOGP-Usa GoM legacy"],
    SOURCECRS[
        GEOGCRS["NAD27",
            DATUM["North American Datum 1927",
                ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                    ORDER[1],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                    ORDER[2],
                    ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            ID["EPSG",4267]]],
    TARGETCRS[
        GEODCRS["ITRF2014",
            DYNAMIC[
                FRAMEEPOCH[2010]],
            DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014",
                ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
            PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
            CS[Cartesian,3],
                AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                    ORDER[1],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                    ORDER[2],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                    ORDER[3],
                    LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
            ID["EPSG",7789]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD27 to NAD83 (1)",
            VERSION["NGS-Usa Conus"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD27",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1927",
                        ELLIPSOID["Clarke 1866",6378206.4,294.978698213898,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4267]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD83",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1983",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4269]]],
            METHOD["NADCON",
                ID["EPSG",9613]],
            PARAMETERFILE["Latitude difference file","conus.las"],
            PARAMETERFILE["Longitude difference file","conus.los"],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.15],
            ID["EPSG",1241]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["NAD83 to NAD83(2011) (1)",
            VERSION["IOGP-Usa GoM"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD83",
                    DATUM["North American Datum 1983",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",4269]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEOGCRS["NAD83(2011)",
                    DATUM["NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System 2011)",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        ANCHOREPOCH[2010]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[ellipsoidal,2],
                        AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
                            ORDER[1],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                        AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
                            ORDER[2],
                            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    ID["EPSG",6318]]],
            METHOD["Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)",
                ID["EPSG",9603]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[1.0],
            ID["EPSG",8971]]],
    STEP[
        CONVERSION["Conversion from NAD83(2011) (geog2D) to NAD83(2011) (geocentric)",
            METHOD["Geographic/geocentric conversions",
                ID["EPSG",9602]]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["Inverse of ITRF2008 to NAD83(2011) (1) (approx. inversion)",
            SOURCECRS[
                GEODCRS["NAD83(2011)",
                    DATUM["NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System 2011)",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        ANCHOREPOCH[2010]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",6317]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEODCRS["ITRF2008",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[2005]],
                    DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",5332]]],
            METHOD["Time-dependent Coordinate Frame rotation (geocen)",
                ID["EPSG",1056]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",-0.99343,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",1.90331,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",0.52655,
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",-0.02591467,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8608]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",-0.00942644999999999,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8609]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",-0.01159935,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-second",4.84813681109536E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8610]],
            PARAMETER["Scale difference",-0.00171504,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per million",1E-06],
                ID["EPSG",8611]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis translation",-0.00079,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1040]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis translation",0.0006,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1041]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis translation",0.00134,
                LENGTHUNIT["metres per year",3.16887651727315E-08],
                ID["EPSG",1042]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis rotation",-6.667E-05,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1043]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",0.00075744,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1044]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",5.133E-05,
                ANGLEUNIT["arc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-13],
                ID["EPSG",1045]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Scale difference",0.00010201,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per million per year",3.16887651727315E-14],
                ID["EPSG",1046]],
            PARAMETER["Parameter reference epoch",1997,
                TIMEUNIT["year",31556925.445],
                ID["EPSG",1047]],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.0],
            ID["INVERSE(EPSG)",7807]]],
    STEP[
        COORDINATEOPERATION["ITRF2008 to ITRF2014 (1)",
            VERSION["IERS-Wld"],
            SOURCECRS[
                GEODCRS["ITRF2008",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[2005]],
                    DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",5332]]],
            TARGETCRS[
                GEODCRS["ITRF2014",
                    DYNAMIC[
                        FRAMEEPOCH[2010]],
                    DATUM["International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014",
                        ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
                    PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
                        ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
                    CS[Cartesian,3],
                        AXIS["(X)",geocentricX,
                            ORDER[1],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Y)",geocentricY,
                            ORDER[2],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                        AXIS["(Z)",geocentricZ,
                            ORDER[3],
                            LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],
                    ID["EPSG",7789]]],
            METHOD["Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                ID["EPSG",1053]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis translation",-1.6,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8605]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",-1.9,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8606]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",-2.4,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetre",0.001],
                ID["EPSG",8607]],
            PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8608]],
            PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8609]],
            PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-second",4.84813681109536E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8610]],
            PARAMETER["Scale difference",0.02,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per billion",1E-09],
                ID["EPSG",8611]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1040]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis translation",0,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1041]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis translation",0.1,
                LENGTHUNIT["millimetres per year",3.16887651727315E-11],
                ID["EPSG",1042]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of X-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1043]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1044]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",0,
                ANGLEUNIT["milliarc-seconds per year",1.53631468932076E-16],
                ID["EPSG",1045]],
            PARAMETER["Rate of change of Scale difference",-0.03,
                SCALEUNIT["parts per billion per year",3.16887651727315E-17],
                ID["EPSG",1046]],
            PARAMETER["Parameter reference epoch",2010,
                TIMEUNIT["year",31556925.445],
                ID["EPSG",1047]],
            OPERATIONACCURACY[0.01],
            ID["EPSG",7790]]],
    OPERATIONACCURACY[1.5],
    USAGE[
        SCOPE["Oil and gas exploration and production."],
        AREA["United States (USA) - offshore Gulf of Mexico outer continental shelf (GoM OCS) - protraction areas South Padre Island; North Padre Island; Mustang Island; Matagorda Island; Brazos; Galveston; High Island; Sabine Pass; West Cameron; East Cameron; Vermilion; South Marsh Island; Eugene Island; Ship Shoal; South Pelto; Bay Marchand; South Timbalier; Grand Isle; West Delta; South Pass; Main Pass; Breton Sound; Chandeleur; Corpus Christi; Port Isabel; East Breaks; Alaminos Canyon; Garden Banks; Keathley Canyon; Sigsbee Escarpment; Ewing Bank; Green Canyon; Walker Ridge; Amery Terrace; Mobile; Viosca Knoll; Mississippi Canyon; Atwater Valley; Lund; Lund South; Pensacola; Destin Dome; De Soto Canyon; Lloyd Ridge; Henderson; Florida Plain; Campeche Escarpment; Apalachicola; Florida Middle Ground; The Elbow; Vernon Basin; Howell Hook; Rankin; Gainesville; Tarpon Springs; St Petersburg; Charlotte Harbor; Pulley Ridge; Dry Tortugas; Tortugas Valley; Miami; Key West."],
        BBOX[23.82,-97.22,30.25,-81.17]],
    ID["EPSG",9103],
    REMARK["For use with legacy data - see CT code 9104 for alternative for new areas. Note that steps 1 and 2 are documented in the geog2D domain, steps 3 and 4 in the geocentric domain. Steps 3 and 4 may be implemented in one operation using CT code 8970."]]

Definition: PROJ.4

+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=0.99343 +y=-1.90331 +z=-0.52655 +rx=0.02591467 +ry=0.00942644999999999 +rz=0.01159935 +s=0.00171504 +dx=0.00079 +dy=-0.0006 +dz=-0.00134 +drx=6.667e-05 +dry=-0.00075744 +drz=-5.133e-05 +ds=-0.00010201 +t_epoch=1997 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.0016 +y=-0.0019 +z=-0.0024 +rx=0 +ry=0 +rz=0 +s=2e-05 +dx=0 +dy=0 +dz=0.0001 +drx=0 +dry=0 +drz=0 +ds=-3e-05 +t_epoch=2010 +convention=position_vector

Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)

proj4.defs("EPSG:9103","+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=0.99343 +y=-1.90331 +z=-0.52655 +rx=0.02591467 +ry=0.00942644999999999 +rz=0.01159935 +s=0.00171504 +dx=0.00079 +dy=-0.0006 +dz=-0.00134 +drx=6.667e-05 +dry=-0.00075744 +drz=-5.133e-05 +ds=-0.00010201 +t_epoch=1997 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.0016 +y=-0.0019 +z=-0.0024 +rx=0 +ry=0 +rz=0 +s=2e-05 +dx=0 +dy=0 +dz=0.0001 +drx=0 +dry=0 +drz=0 +ds=-3e-05 +t_epoch=2010 +convention=position_vector");

Definition: JSON

{
    "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json",
    "type": "ConcatenatedOperation",
    "name": "NAD27 to ITRF2014 (1)",
    "source_crs": {
        "type": "GeographicCRS",
        "name": "NAD27",
        "datum": {
            "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "North American Datum 1927",
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "Clarke 1866",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378206.4,
                "semi_minor_axis": 6356583.8
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lat",
                    "direction": "north",
                    "unit": "degree"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                    "abbreviation": "Lon",
                    "direction": "east",
                    "unit": "degree"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 4267
        },
        "remarks": "Note: this CRS includes longitudes which are POSITIVE EAST. Replaced by NAD27(76) (code 4608) in Ontario, CGQ77 (code 4609) in Quebec, Mexican Datum of 1993 (code 4483) in Mexico, NAD83 (code 4269) in Canada (excl. Ontario & Quebec) & USA."
    },
    "target_crs": {
        "type": "GeodeticCRS",
        "name": "ITRF2014",
        "datum": {
            "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
            "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014",
            "frame_reference_epoch": 2010,
            "ellipsoid": {
                "name": "GRS 1980",
                "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
            }
        },
        "coordinate_system": {
            "subtype": "Cartesian",
            "axis": [
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric X",
                    "abbreviation": "X",
                    "direction": "geocentricX",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Y",
                    "abbreviation": "Y",
                    "direction": "geocentricY",
                    "unit": "metre"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Geocentric Z",
                    "abbreviation": "Z",
                    "direction": "geocentricZ",
                    "unit": "metre"
                }
            ]
        },
        "id": {
            "authority": "EPSG",
            "code": 7789
        },
        "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2008 (CRS code 5332). Replaced by ITRF2020 (CRS code 9988)."
    },
    "steps": [
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "NAD27 to NAD83 (1)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD27",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1927",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "Clarke 1866",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378206.4,
                        "semi_minor_axis": 6356583.8
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4267
                },
                "remarks": "Note: this CRS includes longitudes which are POSITIVE EAST. Replaced by NAD27(76) (code 4608) in Ontario, CGQ77 (code 4609) in Quebec, Mexican Datum of 1993 (code 4483) in Mexico, NAD83 (code 4269) in Canada (excl. Ontario & Quebec) & USA."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD83",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1983",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4269
                },
                "remarks": "Longitude is POSITIVE EAST. The adjustment included connections to Greenland and Mexico but the system was not adopted there. For applications with an accuracy of better than 1m replaced by NAD83(HARN) in the US and PRVI and by NAD83(CSRS) in Canada."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "NADCON",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9613
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "Latitude difference file",
                    "value": "conus.las",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8657
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Longitude difference file",
                    "value": "conus.los",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8658
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.15",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 1241
            },
            "remarks": "Uses NADCON method which expects longitudes positive west; EPSG GeogCRS NAD27 (code 4267) and NAD83 (code 4269) have longitudes positive east. For application in Gulf of Mexico refer to IOGP report 373-26."
        },
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "NAD83 to NAD83(2011) (1)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD83",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "North American Datum 1983",
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 4269
                },
                "remarks": "Longitude is POSITIVE EAST. The adjustment included connections to Greenland and Mexico but the system was not adopted there. For applications with an accuracy of better than 1m replaced by NAD83(HARN) in the US and PRVI and by NAD83(CSRS) in Canada."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeographicCRS",
                "name": "NAD83(2011)",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System 2011)",
                    "anchor_epoch": 2010,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "ellipsoidal",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic latitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lat",
                            "direction": "north",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geodetic longitude",
                            "abbreviation": "Lon",
                            "direction": "east",
                            "unit": "degree"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 6318
                },
                "remarks": "Note: this CRS includes longitudes which are POSITIVE EAST. Replaces NAD83(CORS96) and NAD83(NSRS2007) (CRS codes 6783 and 4759)."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Geocentric translations (geog2D domain)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9603
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "1.0",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 8971
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Conversion",
            "name": "Conversion from NAD83(2011) (geog2D) to NAD83(2011) (geocentric)",
            "method": {
                "name": "Geographic/geocentric conversions",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 9602
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "Inverse of ITRF2008 to NAD83(2011) (1)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "NAD83(2011)",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "NAD83 (National Spatial Reference System 2011)",
                    "anchor_epoch": 2010,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 6317
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces NAD83(CORS96) and NAD83(NSRS2007) (CRS codes 6781 and 4892)."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ITRF2008",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 2005,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 5332
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2005 (CRS code 4896). Replaced by ITRF2014 (CRS code 7789)."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Inverse of Time-dependent Coordinate Frame rotation (geocen)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "INVERSE(EPSG)",
                    "code": 1056
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.99343,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": -1.90331,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -0.52655,
                    "unit": "metre",
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 25.91467,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 9.42645,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8609
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": 11.59935,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8610
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale difference",
                    "value": 1.71504,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion",
                        "conversion_factor": 1e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8611
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.00079,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "metres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-08
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1040
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis translation",
                    "value": -0.0006,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "metres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-08
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1041
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -0.00134,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "metres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-08
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1042
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0.06667,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1043
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": -0.75744,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1044
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": -0.05133,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1045
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Scale difference",
                    "value": -0.10201,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-17
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1046
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Parameter reference epoch",
                    "value": 1997,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "TimeUnit",
                        "name": "year",
                        "conversion_factor": 31556925.445
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1047
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.0",
            "id": {
                "authority": "INVERSE(EPSG)",
                "code": 7807
            },
            "remarks": "Scale difference in ppb and scale difference rate in ppb/yr where 1/billion = 1E-9 or nm/m. Joint derivation by Canada and US (tfm 6864) concatenated with IGS value for ITRF96>97 and IERS ITRF97>2008 transformations. See tfm 8264 for Canadian equivalent."
        },
        {
            "type": "Transformation",
            "name": "ITRF2008 to ITRF2014 (1)",
            "source_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ITRF2008",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 2005,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 5332
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2005 (CRS code 4896). Replaced by ITRF2014 (CRS code 7789)."
            },
            "target_crs": {
                "type": "GeodeticCRS",
                "name": "ITRF2014",
                "datum": {
                    "type": "DynamicGeodeticReferenceFrame",
                    "name": "International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014",
                    "frame_reference_epoch": 2010,
                    "ellipsoid": {
                        "name": "GRS 1980",
                        "semi_major_axis": 6378137,
                        "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101
                    }
                },
                "coordinate_system": {
                    "subtype": "Cartesian",
                    "axis": [
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric X",
                            "abbreviation": "X",
                            "direction": "geocentricX",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Y",
                            "abbreviation": "Y",
                            "direction": "geocentricY",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Geocentric Z",
                            "abbreviation": "Z",
                            "direction": "geocentricZ",
                            "unit": "metre"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 7789
                },
                "remarks": "Replaces ITRF2008 (CRS code 5332). Replaced by ITRF2020 (CRS code 9988)."
            },
            "method": {
                "name": "Time-dependent Position Vector tfm (geocentric)",
                "id": {
                    "authority": "EPSG",
                    "code": 1053
                }
            },
            "parameters": [
                {
                    "name": "X-axis translation",
                    "value": -1.6,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8605
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis translation",
                    "value": -1.9,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8606
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis translation",
                    "value": -2.4,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetre",
                        "conversion_factor": 0.001
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8607
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8609
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-second",
                        "conversion_factor": 4.84813681109536e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8610
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Scale difference",
                    "value": 0.02,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion",
                        "conversion_factor": 1e-09
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 8611
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1040
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis translation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1041
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis translation",
                    "value": 0.1,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "LinearUnit",
                        "name": "millimetres per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-11
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1042
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of X-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1043
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Y-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1044
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Z-axis rotation",
                    "value": 0,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "AngularUnit",
                        "name": "milliarc-seconds per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 1.53631468932076e-16
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1045
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Rate of change of Scale difference",
                    "value": -0.03,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "ScaleUnit",
                        "name": "parts per billion per year",
                        "conversion_factor": 3.16887651727315e-17
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1046
                    }
                },
                {
                    "name": "Parameter reference epoch",
                    "value": 2010,
                    "unit": {
                        "type": "TimeUnit",
                        "name": "year",
                        "conversion_factor": 31556925.445
                    },
                    "id": {
                        "authority": "EPSG",
                        "code": 1047
                    }
                }
            ],
            "accuracy": "0.01",
            "id": {
                "authority": "EPSG",
                "code": 7790
            },
            "remarks": "Scale difference in ppb and scale difference rate in ppb/yr where 1/billion = 1E-9 or nm/m. Estimated using 127 stations at 125 sites."
        }
    ],
    "accuracy": "1.5",
    "scope": "Oil and gas exploration and production.",
    "area": "United States (USA) - offshore Gulf of Mexico outer continental shelf (GoM OCS) - protraction areas South Padre Island; North Padre Island; Mustang Island; Matagorda Island; Brazos; Galveston; High Island; Sabine Pass; West Cameron; East Cameron; Vermilion; South Marsh Island; Eugene Island; Ship Shoal; South Pelto; Bay Marchand; South Timbalier; Grand Isle; West Delta; South Pass; Main Pass; Breton Sound; Chandeleur; Corpus Christi; Port Isabel; East Breaks; Alaminos Canyon; Garden Banks; Keathley Canyon; Sigsbee Escarpment; Ewing Bank; Green Canyon; Walker Ridge; Amery Terrace; Mobile; Viosca Knoll; Mississippi Canyon; Atwater Valley; Lund; Lund South; Pensacola; Destin Dome; De Soto Canyon; Lloyd Ridge; Henderson; Florida Plain; Campeche Escarpment; Apalachicola; Florida Middle Ground; The Elbow; Vernon Basin; Howell Hook; Rankin; Gainesville; Tarpon Springs; St Petersburg; Charlotte Harbor; Pulley Ridge; Dry Tortugas; Tortugas Valley; Miami; Key West.",
    "bbox": {
        "south_latitude": 23.82,
        "west_longitude": -97.22,
        "north_latitude": 30.25,
        "east_longitude": -81.17
    },
    "id": {
        "authority": "EPSG",
        "code": 9103
    },
    "remarks": "For use with legacy data - see CT code 9104 for alternative for new areas. Note that steps 1 and 2 are documented in the geog2D domain, steps 3 and 4 in the geocentric domain. Steps 3 and 4 may be implemented in one operation using CT code 8970."
}

Definition: MapServer - MAPfile

PROJECTION
	"proj=pipeline"
	"step"
	"proj=axisswap"
	"order=2,1"
	"step"
	"proj=unitconvert"
	"xy_in=deg"
	"xy_out=rad"
	"step"
	"proj=hgridshift"
	"grids=us_noaa_conus.tif"
	"step"
	"proj=cart"
	"ellps=GRS80"
	"step"
	"inv"
	"proj=helmert"
	"x=0.99343"
	"y=-1.90331"
	"z=-0.52655"
	"rx=0.02591467"
	"ry=0.00942644999999999"
	"rz=0.01159935"
	"s=0.00171504"
	"dx=0.00079"
	"dy=-0.0006"
	"dz=-0.00134"
	"drx=6.667e-05"
	"dry=-0.00075744"
	"drz=-5.133e-05"
	"ds=-0.00010201"
	"t_epoch=1997"
	"convention=coordinate_frame"
	"step"
	"proj=helmert"
	"x=-0.0016"
	"y=-0.0019"
	"z=-0.0024"
	"rx=0"
	"ry=0"
	"rz=0"
	"s=2e-05"
	"dx=0"
	"dy=0"
	"dz=0.0001"
	"drx=0"
	"dry=0"
	"drz=0"
	"ds=-3e-05"
	"t_epoch=2010"
	"convention=position_vector"
END

Definition: Mapnik

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Map srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=0.99343 +y=-1.90331 +z=-0.52655 +rx=0.02591467 +ry=0.00942644999999999 +rz=0.01159935 +s=0.00171504 +dx=0.00079 +dy=-0.0006 +dz=-0.00134 +drx=6.667e-05 +dry=-0.00075744 +drz=-5.133e-05 +ds=-0.00010201 +t_epoch=1997 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.0016 +y=-0.0019 +z=-0.0024 +rx=0 +ry=0 +rz=0 +s=2e-05 +dx=0 +dy=0 +dz=0.0001 +drx=0 +dry=0 +drz=0 +ds=-3e-05 +t_epoch=2010 +convention=position_vector">
	<Layer srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=0.99343 +y=-1.90331 +z=-0.52655 +rx=0.02591467 +ry=0.00942644999999999 +rz=0.01159935 +s=0.00171504 +dx=0.00079 +dy=-0.0006 +dz=-0.00134 +drx=6.667e-05 +dry=-0.00075744 +drz=-5.133e-05 +ds=-0.00010201 +t_epoch=1997 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.0016 +y=-0.0019 +z=-0.0024 +rx=0 +ry=0 +rz=0 +s=2e-05 +dx=0 +dy=0 +dz=0.0001 +drx=0 +dry=0 +drz=0 +ds=-3e-05 +t_epoch=2010 +convention=position_vector">
	</Layer>
</Map>

Definition: SQL (PostGIS)

INSERT into spatial_ref_sys (srid, auth_name, auth_srid, proj4text, srtext) values ( 9103, 'EPSG', 9103, '+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=hgridshift +grids=us_noaa_conus.tif +step +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +inv +proj=helmert +x=0.99343 +y=-1.90331 +z=-0.52655 +rx=0.02591467 +ry=0.00942644999999999 +rz=0.01159935 +s=0.00171504 +dx=0.00079 +dy=-0.0006 +dz=-0.00134 +drx=6.667e-05 +dry=-0.00075744 +drz=-5.133e-05 +ds=-0.00010201 +t_epoch=1997 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +proj=helmert +x=-0.0016 +y=-0.0019 +z=-0.0024 +rx=0 +ry=0 +rz=0 +s=2e-05 +dx=0 +dy=0 +dz=0.0001 +drx=0 +dry=0 +drz=0 +ds=-3e-05 +t_epoch=2010 +convention=position_vector', 'None');