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Geodetic CRS: Amersfoort
Datum: Amersfoort
Ellipsoid: Bessel 1841
Prime meridian: Greenwich
Data source: EPSG
Information source: NSGI: Netherlands partnership of Kadaster, Rijkswaterstaat and Hydrographic Service, https://www.nsgi.nl/
Revision date: 2026-07-21
Scope: Transformation of coordinates at 0.25m level of accuracy.
Remarks: Approximation to 25cm of the horizontal component of the official transformation (see CT 9282). Used with an ellipsoidal height of 0m in Amersfoort or 43m in ETRS89 and with an additional correction grid (up to 0.25m). Replaces Amersfoort to ETRS89 (5) and (6) (CT codes 4830 and 4831).
Method: Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)
Area of use: Netherlands - onshore and offshore.
Description: (0,)
Definition: OGC Well Known Text 2 (2019)
COORDINATEOPERATION["Amersfoort to ETRS89 (8)", VERSION["IOGP-Nld 2018"], SOURCECRS[ GEOGCRS["Amersfoort", DATUM["Amersfoort", ELLIPSOID["Bessel 1841",6377397.155,299.1528128, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4289]]], TARGETCRS[ GEOGCRS["ETRS89", ENSEMBLE["European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 ensemble", MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1989"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1990"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1991"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1992"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1993"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1994"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1996"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1997"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2005"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014"], MEMBER["European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020"], MEMBER["ETRS89-DNK"], MEMBER["Estonia 1997"], MEMBER["Albanian Geodetic Reference Frame 2008"], MEMBER["Albanian Geodetic Reference Frame 2014"], MEMBER["ETRS89-AUT [2002]"], MEMBER["Belgian Reference Frame 2002"], MEMBER["Belgian Reference Frame 2011"], MEMBER["BH_ETRS89"], MEMBER["Bulgaria Geodetic System 2005"], MEMBER["Croatian Terrestrial Reference System 1996"], MEMBER["AGRS2010 (ETRF2000)"], MEMBER["CROPOS"], MEMBER["ETRF2000 Poland"], MEMBER["ETRS89/DREF91 Realization 2016"], MEMBER["ETRS89/DREF91 Realization 2025"], MEMBER["ETRS89-CZE [2007]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-ESP [REGENTE]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-ESP [ERGNSS]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-FRO [2008]"], MEMBER["Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007"], MEMBER["ETRS89-HUN [ETRF2000]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-IRE [ETRF2000]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-MKD [EUREF-MAK2010]"], MEMBER["EUREF89"], MEMBER["ETRS89-PRT [1995]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-ROU [ETRF2000]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-SVK [SKTRF09]"], MEMBER["ETRS89-SVK [SKTRF2022]"], MEMBER["EUREF-FIN"], MEMBER["Istituto Geografico Militare 1995"], MEMBER["Kosovo Reference System 2001"], MEMBER["Latvian geodetic coordinate system 1992"], MEMBER["Latvian coordinate system 2020"], MEMBER["Lithuania 1994 (ETRS89)"], MEMBER["MOLDREF99"], MEMBER["OSNet v2009"], MEMBER["Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v1"], MEMBER["Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v2"], MEMBER["Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v2b"], MEMBER["Rete Dinamica Nazionale 2008"], MEMBER["Serbian Reference Network 1998"], MEMBER["Serbian Spatial Reference System 2000"], MEMBER["Slovenia Geodetic Datum 1996"], MEMBER["SWEREF 99"], MEMBER["ETRS89-LUX [2020]"], MEMBER["Nordic Geodetic Commission ETRF14"], MEMBER["ETRS89-LUX [2025]"], MEMBER["Swiss Terrestrial Reference System 1995"], ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]], ENSEMBLEACCURACY[0.1]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0, ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], CS[ellipsoidal,2], AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north, ORDER[1], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east, ORDER[2], ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]], ID["EPSG",4258]]], METHOD["Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)", ID["EPSG",9607]], PARAMETER["X-axis translation",565.7381, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8605]], PARAMETER["Y-axis translation",50.4018, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8606]], PARAMETER["Z-axis translation",465.2904, LENGTHUNIT["metre",1], ID["EPSG",8607]], PARAMETER["X-axis rotation",1.91514, ANGLEUNIT["microradian",1E-06], ID["EPSG",8608]], PARAMETER["Y-axis rotation",-1.60363, ANGLEUNIT["microradian",1E-06], ID["EPSG",8609]], PARAMETER["Z-axis rotation",9.09546, ANGLEUNIT["microradian",1E-06], ID["EPSG",8610]], PARAMETER["Scale difference",4.07244, SCALEUNIT["parts per million",1E-06], ID["EPSG",8611]], OPERATIONACCURACY[0.25], USAGE[ SCOPE["Transformation of coordinates at 0.25m level of accuracy."], AREA["Netherlands - onshore and offshore."], BBOX[50.75,2.53,55.77,7.22]], ID["EPSG",9281], REMARK["Approximation to 25cm of the horizontal component of the official transformation (see CT 9282). Used with an ellipsoidal height of 0m in Amersfoort or 43m in ETRS89 and with an additional correction grid (up to 0.25m). Replaces Amersfoort to ETRS89 (5) and (6) (CT codes 4830 and 4831)."]]
Definition: PROJ.4
+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=565.7381 +y=50.4018 +z=465.2904 +rx=0.395025981036064 +ry=-0.330772431242031 +rz=1.87607329462821 +s=4.07244 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1
Definition: JavaScript (Proj4js)
proj4.defs("EPSG:9281","+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=565.7381 +y=50.4018 +z=465.2904 +rx=0.395025981036064 +ry=-0.330772431242031 +rz=1.87607329462821 +s=4.07244 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1");
Definition: JSON
{ "$schema": "https://proj.org/schemas/v0.7/projjson.schema.json", "type": "Transformation", "name": "Amersfoort to ETRS89 (8)", "source_crs": { "type": "GeographicCRS", "name": "Amersfoort", "datum": { "type": "GeodeticReferenceFrame", "name": "Amersfoort", "ellipsoid": { "name": "Bessel 1841", "semi_major_axis": 6377397.155, "inverse_flattening": 299.1528128 } }, "coordinate_system": { "subtype": "ellipsoidal", "axis": [ { "name": "Geodetic latitude", "abbreviation": "Lat", "direction": "north", "unit": "degree" }, { "name": "Geodetic longitude", "abbreviation": "Lon", "direction": "east", "unit": "degree" } ] }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 4289 }, "remarks": "Use of this geographic2D CRS (Amersfoort, code 4289) for spatial referencing is discouraged. Use projected CRS RD (code 28992) or geodetic CRS ETRS89-NLD [AGRS2010] (codes 11035-11037)." }, "target_crs": { "type": "GeographicCRS", "name": "ETRS89", "datum_ensemble": { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 ensemble", "members": [ { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1989", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1178 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1990", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1179 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1991", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1180 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1992", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1181 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1993", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1182 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1994", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1183 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1996", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1184 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 1997", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1185 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1186 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2005", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1204 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1206 } }, { "name": "European Terrestrial Reference Frame 2020", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1382 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-DNK", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1412 } }, { "name": "Estonia 1997", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6180 } }, { "name": "Albanian Geodetic Reference Frame 2008", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1429 } }, { "name": "Albanian Geodetic Reference Frame 2014", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1430 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-AUT [2002]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1431 } }, { "name": "Belgian Reference Frame 2002", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1432 } }, { "name": "Belgian Reference Frame 2011", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1447 } }, { "name": "BH_ETRS89", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1358 } }, { "name": "Bulgaria Geodetic System 2005", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1167 } }, { "name": "Croatian Terrestrial Reference System 1996", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6761 } }, { "name": "AGRS2010 (ETRF2000)", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1427 } }, { "name": "CROPOS", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1445 } }, { "name": "ETRF2000 Poland", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1305 } }, { "name": "ETRS89/DREF91 Realization 2016", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1353 } }, { "name": "ETRS89/DREF91 Realization 2025", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1446 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-CZE [2007]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1433 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-ESP [REGENTE]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1441 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-ESP [ERGNSS]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1442 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-FRO [2008]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1436 } }, { "name": "Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System of 2007", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1437 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-HUN [ETRF2000]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1444 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-IRE [ETRF2000]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6173 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-MKD [EUREF-MAK2010]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1438 } }, { "name": "EUREF89", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1407 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-PRT [1995]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1439 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-ROU [ETRF2000]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1440 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-SVK [SKTRF09]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1434 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-SVK [SKTRF2022]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1435 } }, { "name": "EUREF-FIN", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1391 } }, { "name": "Istituto Geografico Militare 1995", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6670 } }, { "name": "Kosovo Reference System 2001", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1251 } }, { "name": "Latvian geodetic coordinate system 1992", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6661 } }, { "name": "Latvian coordinate system 2020", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1356 } }, { "name": "Lithuania 1994 (ETRS89)", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6126 } }, { "name": "MOLDREF99", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1032 } }, { "name": "OSNet v2009", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1425 } }, { "name": "Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v1", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6171 } }, { "name": "Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v2", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1312 } }, { "name": "Reseau Geodesique Francais 1993 v2b", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1313 } }, { "name": "Rete Dinamica Nazionale 2008", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1132 } }, { "name": "Serbian Reference Network 1998", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1034 } }, { "name": "Serbian Spatial Reference System 2000", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1214 } }, { "name": "Slovenia Geodetic Datum 1996", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6765 } }, { "name": "SWEREF 99", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6619 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-LUX [2020]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1453 } }, { "name": "Nordic Geodetic Commission ETRF14", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1403 } }, { "name": "ETRS89-LUX [2025]", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 1463 } }, { "name": "Swiss Terrestrial Reference System 1995", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6151 } } ], "ellipsoid": { "name": "GRS 1980", "semi_major_axis": 6378137, "inverse_flattening": 298.257222101 }, "accuracy": "0.1", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 6258 } }, "coordinate_system": { "subtype": "ellipsoidal", "axis": [ { "name": "Geodetic latitude", "abbreviation": "Lat", "direction": "north", "unit": "degree" }, { "name": "Geodetic longitude", "abbreviation": "Lon", "direction": "east", "unit": "degree" } ] }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 4258 }, "remarks": "Has been realized through ETRF89, ETRF90, ETRF91, ETRF92, ETRF93, ETRF94, ETRF96, ETRF97, ETRF2000, ETRF2005 and ETRF2014. This 'ensemble' covers any or all of these realizations without distinction." }, "method": { "name": "Coordinate Frame rotation (geog2D domain)", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 9607 } }, "parameters": [ { "name": "X-axis translation", "value": 565.7381, "unit": "metre", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8605 } }, { "name": "Y-axis translation", "value": 50.4018, "unit": "metre", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8606 } }, { "name": "Z-axis translation", "value": 465.2904, "unit": "metre", "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8607 } }, { "name": "X-axis rotation", "value": 1.91514, "unit": { "type": "AngularUnit", "name": "microradian", "conversion_factor": 1e-06 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8608 } }, { "name": "Y-axis rotation", "value": -1.60363, "unit": { "type": "AngularUnit", "name": "microradian", "conversion_factor": 1e-06 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8609 } }, { "name": "Z-axis rotation", "value": 9.09546, "unit": { "type": "AngularUnit", "name": "microradian", "conversion_factor": 1e-06 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8610 } }, { "name": "Scale difference", "value": 4.07244, "unit": { "type": "ScaleUnit", "name": "parts per million", "conversion_factor": 1e-06 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 8611 } } ], "accuracy": "0.25", "scope": "Transformation of coordinates at 0.25m level of accuracy.", "area": "Netherlands - onshore and offshore.", "bbox": { "south_latitude": 50.75, "west_longitude": 2.53, "north_latitude": 55.77, "east_longitude": 7.22 }, "id": { "authority": "EPSG", "code": 9281 }, "remarks": "Approximation to 25cm of the horizontal component of the official transformation (see CT 9282). Used with an ellipsoidal height of 0m in Amersfoort or 43m in ETRS89 and with an additional correction grid (up to 0.25m). Replaces Amersfoort to ETRS89 (5) and (6) (CT codes 4830 and 4831)." }
Definition: MapServer - MAPfile
PROJECTION "proj=pipeline" "step" "proj=axisswap" "order=2,1" "step" "proj=unitconvert" "xy_in=deg" "xy_out=rad" "step" "proj=push" "v_3" "step" "proj=cart" "ellps=bessel" "step" "proj=helmert" "x=565.7381" "y=50.4018" "z=465.2904" "rx=0.395025981036064" "ry=-0.330772431242031" "rz=1.87607329462821" "s=4.07244" "convention=coordinate_frame" "step" "inv" "proj=cart" "ellps=GRS80" "step" "proj=pop" "v_3" "step" "proj=unitconvert" "xy_in=rad" "xy_out=deg" "step" "proj=axisswap" "order=2,1" END
Definition: Mapnik
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Map srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=565.7381 +y=50.4018 +z=465.2904 +rx=0.395025981036064 +ry=-0.330772431242031 +rz=1.87607329462821 +s=4.07244 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1"> <Layer srs="+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=565.7381 +y=50.4018 +z=465.2904 +rx=0.395025981036064 +ry=-0.330772431242031 +rz=1.87607329462821 +s=4.07244 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1"> </Layer> </Map>
Definition: SQL (PostGIS)
INSERT into spatial_ref_sys (srid, auth_name, auth_srid, proj4text, srtext) values ( 9281, 'EPSG', 9281, '+proj=pipeline +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=deg +xy_out=rad +step +proj=push +v_3 +step +proj=cart +ellps=bessel +step +proj=helmert +x=565.7381 +y=50.4018 +z=465.2904 +rx=0.395025981036064 +ry=-0.330772431242031 +rz=1.87607329462821 +s=4.07244 +convention=coordinate_frame +step +inv +proj=cart +ellps=GRS80 +step +proj=pop +v_3 +step +proj=unitconvert +xy_in=rad +xy_out=deg +step +proj=axisswap +order=2,1', 'None');
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